Hipinozi: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 02:11, 1 April 2026

Hipinozi (izina mu kinyarwanda: Ubuganga bw’ubushobo bwo gusubiza mu mutwe) ni uburyo bwo gukoresha imitekerereze no kugira ibiganiro bifatika bifasha umuntu kugera mu mimerere y’ubwenge buhagaze, aho yumvira neza inyigisho, inama, canke ibisubizo mu mutwe. Ntaho ihurizwa n’uburozi, ubupfumu, canke imitsima, ahubwo ni ikoreshwa ry’ubushobo bw’ubwenge mu buvuzi n’ubushakashatsi. Mu Burundi, iyi ngingo yatangiye gukurikiranwa mu myaka ya za 90, ariko ifise amavu n’amavuko yayo mu mico n’imigenzo nyarwanda.

Incakamuryango

Hipinozi ni umwuga w’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe (psychothérapie) ukoresha uburyo bwo kuganisha umuntu mu mimerere yitwa « trance » canke « hypnoidal state ». Muri iki mimerere, umuntu arashobora gukora ibintu atigeze abigenza mu buzima bwa buri munsi, nko kwibuka ibintu byabaye kera cyane, gukomeza umutima, gukumira ububabare, canke guhindura imyumvire n’imico mibi. Nta bushobo bwo « gucuranga » abantu, ahubwo ubuganga bw’hipinozi bushingiye ku bushyigikire n’ubwumvane hagati y’umuganga (hypnotherapist) n’umurwayi. Umurwayi ari we ufite ubushobo bwo kwemera inyigisho (suggestions) kandi ntashobora gukora ibyo yemera.

Amateka

Ku Isi Yose

Amateka y’hipinozi atangirira kera cyane, mu mico n’imigenzo y’ibihe byo hambere aho abaganga ba kera bakoreshaga imitsima no kuvuga amagambo yo kurokora mu gihe abarwayi bari mu mimerere itandukanye. Mu kinyejana cya 18, umuganga wo mu Burayi witwa Franz Mesmer yerekanye uburyo yise « mesmerism », ari bwo bwava izina ry’icyongereza « hypnosis ». Nyuma ye, mu kinyejana cya 19, abahanga mu bya siyansi nka James Braid bongeraga ubumenyi ku ngamba, bakayita « hypnosis ». Uyu mwuga waje gukoreshwa cyane mu gihe cy’intambara nk’uburyo bwo kumira ububabare mu gihe abasirikari batabazwa.

Mu Burundi

Mu Burundi, imico y’ubuganga bwa kera (ubuvuzi bwa gakondo) yari ifite ingamba zisa n’iz’hipinozi. Abapfumu (abaganga b’imihana) bakundaga gukoresha indirimbo (imivumo), amaziniga, n’ibikoresho nk’inkoni (agatabo) mu gukiza abarwayi, bakabashira mu mimerere y’ubujyanama. Ibi byabaga ari uburyo bwo kuganisha umurwayi mu mimerere y’ubwenge buhagaze. Mu myaka ya za 1990, ubumenyi bw’hipinozi bwa kisiyansi bwatangiriye kumenekana binyuze mu mashami y’ubuzima n’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe. Ibi byatewe n’uko abanyeshuri benshi bo mu Burundi baje kwiga muri kaminuza z’u Burayi n’Amereka, bakazana ubu bumenyi. Uyu munsi, hari itsinda ritoya ry’abaganga n’abahanga mu by’ubuzima bakoresha hipinozi nk’ingirakamaro mu buvuzi.

Ubwoko

Hipinozi igabanyijemo ibice bibiri bikuru:

Hipinozi ya Gakondo (Traditional/Standard Hypnosis): Ni yo isanzwe ikoreshwa, aho umuganga umuyobora kugana mu mimerere y’ubujyanama hanyuma amuha inyigisho zigamije kumukiza.
Hipinozi yo Kwiyobora (Self-Hypnosis): Ni uko umuntu yihaye inyigisho we ubwe, akoresheje ubumenyi yize kugira ngo yikize mu buzima bwe bwihariwe. Iri tsinda rikunda gukoreshwa mu kugabanya umutima, guhanga udushya, canke gukomeza kwigisha.
Hipinozi Nyarwanda (Ericksonian Hypnosis): Yashinzwe na Milton Erickson, ikoresha inkuru, ibisobanuro, n’imigani mu gufasha umurwayi, itajya imuha amategeko. Iyi ngingo ihuje cyane n’uburyo abaganga b’Abanyarwanda bakoreshaga inkuru n’imigani mu kuvura.
Hipinozi yo gusubira inyuma (Regression Hypnosis): Ni uburyo bwo gufasha umurwayi kwibuka ibyakabaye mu bihe byashize, rimwe na rimwe mu buzima bwa mbere, kugira ngo basobanure ibibazo by’ubu. Iri tsinda rikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe nk’izitwa PTSD.

Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi

Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwerekana ko hipinozi ari ukuri kandi ikora. Imashini zita ku mutwe (neuroimaging) ziranga ko mu gihe umuntu ari mu mimerere y’hipinozi, ibice bitandukanye by’ubwonko byahindutse ubwo buryo. Hari n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cya CHUK (Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge) mu gihe cya 2010, bwagaragaje ko abarwayi bakoresheje hipinozi mu kumira ububabare bwo mu gufutisha, barababazwe make cyane n’abandi. Ibi byongerwa n’ubushakashatsi mu kigo cy’ubumenyi bw’umutwe mu Burundi (Institut de Psychologie de Bujumbura), aho hari gahunda yo kwiga ibijyanye n’imitekerereze n’ubushobo bw’ubwenge.

Icyo ikora (Applications) =

Hipinozi ikoreshwa mu by’inshuro nyinshi mu buvuzi n’ubuzima bw’umutwe:

Kumira ububabare: Ikunda gukoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare bw’indwara zitandukanye, ndetse n’ubwo mu gufutisha n’imyororokere.
Guhangana n’uburwayi bw’umutwe: Ifasha mu kuvura ibicurane (depression), amakuba (anxiety), ubwoba budasanzwe (phobias), n’ibindi.
Guhagarika imico mibi: Ni ngirakamaro mu guhagarika kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, gukora indwara zo mu kanwa (cannabis), kuronka, canke kurya ibiryo byinshi cyane.
Gukomeza imikorere: Abasiganwa mu mikino, abanyamideli, ndetse n’abanyeshuri bakoresha hipinozi mu kwiyegereza no kongera ubushobo.
Ubuvuzi bw’indwara z’umutwe: Ifasha mu kuvura ibibazo by’kwibuka, Hipinozi yo gusubira inyuma, no gukemura ibibazo by’umuryango.

Amategeko mu Burundi

Mu Burundi, NTA mategeko asobanutse aherereye hipinozi. Icyo gihe, ubuganga bw’hipinozi (hypnotherapy) burashobora gukorwa n’abaganga bafite impamyabumenyi y’ubuvuzi (médecins) canke abahanga mu by’ubuzima bw’umutwe (psychologues) bafite uruhushya rwo gukora. Koresha hipinozi nk’ubuvuzi budafite uruhushya bishobora kuba amakosa mu mategeko y’ubuvuzi. Hari n’itsinda ry’abaganga mu Burundi ryita ku buzima bw’umutwe (Société Burundaise de Psychologie) rikeneye ko abakoresha ubu buganga babimenyesha. Uruhare rw’abaganga b’imihana mu gukoresha ingamba nka hipinozi rukiri gusobanurwa, ariko bakwiye gukorana n’abaganga ba kisiyansi.

Imico n’imyumvire mu Burundi

Imico nyarwanda iha agaciro ikoreshwa ry’ubwenge n’imitekerereze mu kuvura. Ibi bitera ko bamwe mu Batutsi, Bahutu n’Abatwa bareba hipinozi nk’« ubuvuzi bwa gakondo bushyizwe mu bikoresho bya kisiyansi ». Abandi baca baba bafite amakenga ku bwa Meseriamu, bakibona nk’uburyo bwa gipagani. Icyo gihe, abenshi mu Barundi bafite icyizere cyo kuvurwa n’imihana, kandi bakunda kubona uburyo hipinozi bwo guhuza ubumenyi bwa kera n’ubwa kisiyansi. Ibikorwa byo mu bitaro nka CHUK n’ibitaro bya Carama byongerera icyizere abaturage. Hari n’ibiganiro ku masakaro (radios) nk’Igisaniro, Radio Umwizero, n’izindi, bigerageza gusobanura ubu bumenyi ku banyagihugu.

Abaganga bakunzwe bo mu Burundi

Dokita Aline Ndayikeza: Umuganga w’ubuvuzi bw’umubiri n’umutwe (psychiatre) ukora mu bitaro bya Kamenge. Ni umwe mu bagize itsinda ryatangije gukoresha hipinozi mu buvuzi bw’indwara z’umutwe mu Burundi mu 2005. Yanditse n’ibiganiro ku masakaro kuri ubu mutwe.
Umwarimu Jean de Dieu Niyongabo: Umwarimu mu kigo cy’ubumenyi bw’umutwe (Institut de Psychologie) i Bujumbura. Yakoze ubushakashatsi ku ngamba z’imitekerereze mu gufasha abarwayi b’ibicurane, akoresheje imigenzo y’Abanyarwanda.
Umuganga wa Kera Sebahutu: Umwe mu baganga b’imihana bakunzwe mu karere ka Gitega. Yakundaga gukoresha indirimbo n’amaziniga yo kurokora, ingamba zisa n’iz’hipinozi, mu kuvura abarwayi b’indwara zitandukanye. Uruhare rwe rwagaragaye mu guhuza ubuvuzi bwa kera n’ubwa gipagani.
Dokita Eric Manirakiza: Umuganga w’ubuvuzi ukora i Ngozi, wize hipinozi muri Afurika y’Epfo. Yashinze akarabo ko mu mujyi wa Ngozi gakoresha ubu buganga mu kuvura abarwayi b’ububabare bw’umugongo n’ibindi.

Reba kandi

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Hypinozi ==
+'''Hipinozi''' (izina mu kinyarwanda: '''Ubuganga bw’ubushobo bwo gusubiza mu mutwe''') ni uburyo bwo gukoresha imitekerereze no kugira ibiganiro bifatika bifasha umuntu kugera mu mimerere y’ubwenge buhagaze, aho yumvira neza inyigisho, inama, canke ibisubizo mu mutwe. Ntaho ihurizwa n’uburozi, ubupfumu, canke imitsima, ahubwo ni ikoreshwa ry’ubushobo bw’ubwenge mu buvuzi n’ubushakashatsi. Mu Burundi, iyi ngingo yatangiye gukurikiranwa mu myaka ya za 90, ariko ifise amavu n’amavuko yayo mu mico n’imigenzo nyarwanda.
-'''Hypinozi''' (izina mu Cyongereza: Hypnosis) ni umwuga wo gukoresha imvugo n’imyumvire mu gufasha umuntu kugera mu mimerere y’ubuzima bw’umutwe yitwa '''trance'''. Muri uyu mwimerere, umuntu yiyegereje cyane ku byo umuhanga wo gukoresha hypinozi (hypnotist) avuga, akaba arashobora no kugira ubushobozi bwo kwibanda cyane, gukumbura ibyifuzo byo mu mutwe, no guhindura imyumvire n’imico. Hypinozi '''nta bushobozi bwo gutwara''' umuntu ntawe, ahubwo ni uburyo bwo guhuza imitekerereze n’umwimerere w’umubiri.
+== Incakamuryango ==
-== Incamake ==
+Hipinozi ni '''umwuga w’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe''' (psychothérapie) ukoresha uburyo bwo kuganisha umuntu mu mimerere yitwa « trance » canke « hypnoidal state ». Muri iki mimerere, umuntu arashobora gukora ibintu atigeze abigenza mu buzima bwa buri munsi, nko kwibuka ibintu byabaye kera cyane, gukomeza umutima, gukumira ububabare, canke guhindura imyumvire n’imico mibi. Nta bushobo bwo « gucuranga » abantu, ahubwo ubuganga bw’hipinozi bushingiye ku '''bushyigikire''' n’'''ubwumvane''' hagati y’umuganga (hypnotherapist) n’umurwayi. Umurwayi ari we ufite ubushobo bwo kwemera inyigisho (suggestions) kandi ntashobora gukora ibyo yemera.
-Hypinozi ni ikoreshwa ry’ubushobozi bw’umutwe bwo kwiyegereza no kwitabira ibitekerezo bisobanutse. Ni ikintu cyihariye kuko bishobora kugaragara nk’uburyo bwo kwirinda ibitekerezo by’ahandi, ariko umuntu ugiye mu hypinozi ari '''we ubwe ushaka''' kandi akaba ari we uhagarariye ibyifuzo bye. Ntabwo ari urupfu, ubujiji, cyangwa ubushobozi bwo kumenya iby’umutima w’undi. Muri Rwanda, ubu buryo bugenda bukoreshwa mu buvuzi n’ubushakashatsi bw’umutwe, ariko buracyari buke mu bikorwa bya buri munsi.
 == Amateka ==
@@ Line 11: / Line 9: @@
 === Ku Isi Yose ===
-Amateka y’hypinozi atangirira kera cyane, mu mico n’imigenzo ya kera y’abantu. Mu Banyamisiri bo hambere, imirimo yo kuvura yashakishwaga mu mazu y’Imana (temples), aho abavuzi bakoreshaga imimerere yo kwiyegereza nk’iy’hypinozi. Mu kinyejana cya 18, umubyaza mu Budage '''Franz Mesmer''' yashyizeho ingero ya "mesmerism", yibanda ku buryo "imyitozo y’ikirere" ishobora guhindura umubiri. Nyuma ye, mu kinyejana cya 19, umubyaza wo mu Bwongereza '''James Braid''' yatangije ijambo "hypnosis", aritera ku mvugo ya Kigiriki ''hypnos'' (bisobanura "barara"). Uyu ni we watangiye gushakisha ibimenyetso bya siyansi mu mwimerere.
+Amateka y’hipinozi atangirira kera cyane, mu mico n’imigenzo y’ibihe byo hambere aho abaganga ba kera bakoreshaga imitsima no kuvuga amagambo yo kurokora mu gihe abarwayi bari mu mimerere itandukanye. Mu kinyejana cya 18, umuganga wo mu Burayi witwa '''Franz Mesmer''' yerekanye uburyo yise « mesmerism », ari bwo bwava izina ry’icyongereza « hypnosis ». Nyuma ye, mu kinyejana cya 19, abahanga mu bya siyansi nka '''James Braid''' bongeraga ubumenyi ku ngamba, bakayita « hypnosis ». Uyu mwuga waje gukoreshwa cyane mu gihe cy’intambara nk’uburyo bwo kumira ububabare mu gihe abasirikari batabazwa.
-=== Mu Rwanda ===
+=== Mu Burundi ===
-Mu Rwanda, imyumvire yo kwiyegereza no gukora imirimo mu mimerere itandukanye y’umutwe yari ihariye mu mico n’imigenzo. Ibikorwa nka '''gusenga''', '''gusibika''', n’'''imigenzo yo gusaba kubabazwa''' byari bifite ingingo zo kwiyegereza n’ubushobozi bwo guhindura ububabare. Ntabwo byahwaga ku izina rya hypinozi, ariko ingingo zashwikiraga. Mu myaka ya za 1990 na 2000, hamwe n’ihindagurika ry’ubuvuzi n’ubushakashatsi bw’umutwe, amasomo n’ubushakashatsi ku by’hypinozi yatangiye kumenyerwa mu mashuri y’ubuvuzi n’ubushakashatsi mu Rwanda. Ubu, hari itsinda ry’abaganga n’abashakashatsi mu Rwanda ribona ko hypinozi ari uburyo bw’ubuvuzi bwihariye.
+Mu Burundi, imico y’ubuganga bwa kera ('''ubuvuzi bwa gakondo''') yari ifite ingamba zisa n’iz’hipinozi. '''Abapfumu''' (abaganga b’imihana) bakundaga gukoresha '''indirimbo''' (imivumo), '''amaziniga''', n’'''ibikoresho''' nk’inkoni (agatabo) mu gukiza abarwayi, bakabashira mu mimerere y’ubujyanama. Ibi byabaga ari uburyo bwo kuganisha umurwayi mu mimerere y’ubwenge buhagaze. Mu myaka ya za 1990, ubumenyi bw’hipinozi bwa kisiyansi bwatangiriye kumenekana binyuze mu mashami y’ubuzima n’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe. Ibi byatewe n’uko abanyeshuri benshi bo mu Burundi baje kwiga muri kaminuza z’u Burayi n’Amereka, bakazana ubu bumenyi. Uyu munsi, hari itsinda ritoya ry’abaganga n’abahanga mu by’ubuzima bakoresha hipinozi nk’ingirakamaro mu buvuzi.
 == Ubwoko ==
-Hypinozi ihanda mu bwoko butandukanye, hakurikijwe uko ikoreshwa n’umurongo wayo:
+Hipinozi igabanyijemo ibice bibiri bikuru:
-* '''Hypinozi yo gukiza''' (Clinical Hypnosis): Ikoreshwa n’abaganga, abanyabwenge, n’abandi bahanga mu buvuzi mu kuvura indwara zitandukanye nka stress, ububabare, guhora wishyira, no gukumira imico mibi nka kunywa ibiyobyabwenge.
-* '''Hypinozi y’ubugeni''' (Stage Hypnosis): Ikoreshwa mu birori nk’ikinamico, aho abakinnyi bakoreshwa mu gukora ibintu bisetsa ku bwerekeza. Iyi ni yo isanzwe ihariye mu itangazamakuru, ariko '''nta kamaro yo gukiza''' ifite.
-* '''Hypinozi yo kwigisha''' (Educational Hypnosis): Ikoreshwa mu kwigisha no kwiga, mu gufasha abanyeshuri kwibanda, kumenya neza, no kurinda ibyifuzo.
-* '''[[Hipinozi yo gusubira inyuma]]''' (Regression Hypnosis): Uburyo bwo gufasha umuntu '''gusubira mu mateka''' ye, cyangwa mu buzima bwabayeho mbere, mu rwego yo gusobanura no gukiza ibibazo by’ubu. Iyi ni yo ihariye cyane kandi ikunze kwitabwaho.
-== Ubushakashatsi bwa Siyansi ==
-Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwerekana ko hypinozi ari ukuri kandi igira ingaruka ziboneka ku mubiri. Muri MRI (Imashini yo Kureba mu Mutwe), haboneka ko mu mwimerere wa trance, ingingo z’umutwe zifata ingendo zitandukanye. Urugero, ingingo ya '''anterior cingulate cortex''' ikora vuba, bityo umuntu aba yiyegereje cyane. N’ubwo bimeze bityo, hari ibibazo byinshi byahariye ku bushobozi bwayo mu kuvura indwara zose.
+* '''Hipinozi ya Gakondo''' (Traditional/Standard Hypnosis): Ni yo isanzwe ikoreshwa, aho umuganga umuyobora kugana mu mimerere y’ubujyanama hanyuma amuha inyigisho zigamije kumukiza.
+* '''Hipinozi yo Kwiyobora''' (Self-Hypnosis): Ni uko umuntu yihaye inyigisho we ubwe, akoresheje ubumenyi yize kugira ngo yikize mu buzima bwe bwihariwe. Iri tsinda rikunda gukoreshwa mu kugabanya umutima, guhanga udushya, canke gukomeza kwigisha.
+* '''Hipinozi Nyarwanda''' (Ericksonian Hypnosis): Yashinzwe na Milton Erickson, ikoresha inkuru, ibisobanuro, n’imigani mu gufasha umurwayi, itajya imuha amategeko. Iyi ngingo ihuje cyane n’uburyo abaganga b’Abanyarwanda bakoreshaga inkuru n’imigani mu kuvura.
+* '''[[Hipinozi yo gusubira inyuma]]''' (Regression Hypnosis): Ni uburyo bwo gufasha umurwayi '''kwibuka''' ibyakabaye mu bihe byashize, rimwe na rimwe mu buzima bwa mbere, kugira ngo basobanure ibibazo by’ubu. Iri tsinda rikoreshwa mu kuvura indwara zo mu mutwe nk’izitwa PTSD.
-Mu Rwanda, nta bushakashatsi buracyari buhagije bwakozwe ku by’hypinozi, ariko kaminuza n’ibigo by’ubushakashatsi nka '''Kaminuza y’u Rwanda''' (UR) n’'''Ishami ry’Ubuzima bw’Umubiri n’Ubwenge''' (Rwanda Biomedical Centre) bafite intere yo gushakisha ibijyanye n’ubushakashatsi bw’umutwe n’imibereho. Hari n’itsinda ry’abashakashatsi mu kigo '''University of Global Health Equity''' (UGHE) ribanda ku buzima bw’umutwe mu karere.
+== Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi ==
-== Gukoresha Hypinozi ==
+Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwerekana ko hipinozi ari ukuri kandi ikora. Imashini zita ku mutwe (neuroimaging) ziranga ko mu gihe umuntu ari mu mimerere y’hipinozi, ibice bitandukanye by’ubwonko byahindutse ubwo buryo. Hari n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu kigo cy’ubuvuzi cya '''CHUK''' (Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Kamenge) mu gihe cya 2010, bwagaragaje ko abarwayi bakoresheje hipinozi mu kumira ububabare bwo mu gufutisha, barababazwe make cyane n’abandi. Ibi byongerwa n’ubushakashatsi mu kigo cy’ubumenyi bw’umutwe mu Burundi (Institut de Psychologie de Bujumbura), aho hari gahunda yo kwiga ibijyanye n’imitekerereze n’ubushobo bw’ubwenge.
-Hypinozi ikoreshwa mu mirimo itandukanye:
+== Icyo ikora (Applications) ===
-* '''Mu buvuzi bw’umutwe''': Guvura depression, anxiety, stress, PTSD (ibyago byatewe n’ikizere kibi), n’izindi ndwara z’umutwe.
+Hipinozi ikoreshwa mu by’inshuro nyinshi mu buvuzi n’ubuzima bw’umutwe:
-* '''Gukumira imico mibi''': Kumenyera kunywa itabi, kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, kurya nabi, no kuririmbira mu ijisho.
-* '''Gukiza ububabare''': Mu kubaga, indwara zidakira nka fibromyalgia, cyangwa mu kuvura ibibazo by’guhindagurika kw’umubiri.
-* '''Mu mikino''': Gufasha abanyakinneli kwiyegereza, kurinda ibyifuzo, no kugabanya ubwoba.
-* '''Mu bukungu n’ubucuruzi''': Gufasha abantu kurinda ibyifuzo, gukora ibyizere, no gukemura amakimbirane.
-* '''Mu mibereho y’umunsi ku munsi''': Gukiza ibiro, gukomeza umutwe, no kongera ubushobozi bwo kwibuka.
-== Amategeko n’Imico mu Rwanda ==
+* '''Kumira ububabare''': Ikunda gukoreshwa mu kuvura ububabare bw’indwara zitandukanye, ndetse n’ubwo mu gufutisha n’imyororokere.
+* '''Guhangana n’uburwayi bw’umutwe''': Ifasha mu kuvura ibicurane (depression), amakuba (anxiety), ubwoba budasanzwe (phobias), n’ibindi.
+* '''Guhagarika imico mibi''': Ni ngirakamaro mu guhagarika kunywa ibiyobyabwenge, gukora indwara zo mu kanwa (cannabis), kuronka, canke kurya ibiryo byinshi cyane.
+* '''Gukomeza imikorere''': Abasiganwa mu mikino, abanyamideli, ndetse n’abanyeshuri bakoresha hipinozi mu kwiyegereza no kongera ubushobo.
+* '''Ubuvuzi bw’indwara z’umutwe''': Ifasha mu kuvura ibibazo by’kwibuka, [[Hipinozi yo gusubira inyuma]], no gukemura ibibazo by’umuryango.
-Mu Rwanda, '''nta mategeko asobanutse''' ahari yerekeye hypinozi. Icyo gihe, gukoresha hypinozi nk’uburyo bwo gukiza bishobora gukorerwa n’abaganga bafite uruhushya rwo gukora, ariko bigomba kuba biri mu ngingo z’ubuvuzi. Umutekano w’umukoresha hypinozi (client) ni ingingo nyamukuru. Kuvura indwara z’umutwe n’iz’umubiri bisabwa ko bikorwa n’abantu bafite impamyabumenyi yemewe n’'''Ikigo cy’Ubuzima mu Rwanda''' (RBC).
+== Amategeko mu Burundi ==
-Hypinozi yo mu birori (stage) irashobora gukorwa n’umuntu uwo ari we wese, ariko nta buryo bwo kwihemukira cyangwa gukoresha abantu mu buryo bwerekana ubupfura. Ibikorwa byose byo gukoresha hypinozi mu gukora iby’ubugizi bwa nabi, cyangwa mu gukora ibyaha, biri hanze y’amategeko kandi bishobora kugereranywa n’ibikorwa by’ubugizi bwa nabi.
+Mu Burundi, '''NTA''' mategeko asobanutse aherereye hipinozi. Icyo gihe, ubuganga bw’hipinozi (hypnotherapy) burashobora gukorwa n’abaganga bafite impamyabumenyi y’ubuvuzi (médecins) canke abahanga mu by’ubuzima bw’umutwe (psychologues) bafite uruhushya rwo gukora. Koresha hipinozi nk’ubuvuzi budafite uruhushya bishobora kuba amakosa mu mategeko y’ubuvuzi. Hari n’itsinda ry’abaganga mu Burundi ryita ku buzima bw’umutwe (Société Burundaise de Psychologie) rikeneye ko abakoresha ubu buganga babimenyesha. Uruhare rw’abaganga b’imihana mu gukoresha ingamba nka hipinozi rukiri gusobanurwa, ariko bakwiye gukorana n’abaganga ba kisiyansi.
-== Imyumvire n’Imigenzo mu Rwanda ==
+== Imico n’imyumvire mu Burundi ==
-Mu Rwanda, imyumvire ku by’hypinozi ihindagurika. Abantu benshi bacya bafite amakenga ku byerekeye hypinozi, bayibona nk’ikintu cy’abazimu, cyangwa uburyo bwo kugenzura undi. Ibi biterwa n’imico y’Abanyarwanda yo kwizera ko hariho '''abarozi''' n’'''imizimu''' ishobora gukora ku mutwe w’umuntu.
+Imico nyarwanda iha agaciro ikoreshwa ry’ubwenge n’imitekerereze mu kuvura. Ibi bitera ko bamwe mu Batutsi, Bahutu n’Abatwa bareba hipinozi nk’« '''ubuvuzi bwa gakondo bushyizwe mu bikoresho bya kisiyansi''' ». Abandi baca baba bafite amakenga ku bwa Meseriamu, bakibona nk’uburyo bwa gipagani. Icyo gihe, abenshi mu Barundi bafite icyizere cyo kuvurwa n’imihana, kandi bakunda kubona uburyo hipinozi bwo guhuza ubumenyi bwa kera n’ubwa kisiyansi. Ibikorwa byo mu bitaro nka CHUK n’ibitaro bya Carama byongerera icyizere abaturage. Hari n’ibiganiro ku masakaro (radios) nk’Igisaniro, Radio Umwizero, n’izindi, bigerageza gusobanura ubu bumenyi ku banyagihugu.
-Ubushakashatsi bw’umutwe (psychology) n’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe (psychiatry) mu Rwanda buracyari buke, bityo abantu benshi bagera kuri serivisi z’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe bacya bari bake. Icyakora, hamwe n’ubumenyi bukomeje kwiyongera, n’ubufatanye n’ibigo mpuzamahanga, imyumvire iraguza. Hari n’itsinda nka '''Rwanda Psychology Society''' (RPS) rigerageza kwamamaza ubumenyi ku by’ubushakashatsi bw’umutwe n’uburyo bwo gukiza nka hypinozi.
+== Abaganga bakunzwe bo mu Burundi ==
-== Abagenga bo mu Rwanda ==
+* '''Dokita Aline Ndayikeza''': Umuganga w’ubuvuzi bw’umubiri n’umutwe (psychiatre) ukora mu bitaro bya Kamenge. Ni umwe mu bagize itsinda ryatangije gukoresha hipinozi mu buvuzi bw’indwara z’umutwe mu Burundi mu 2005. Yanditse n’ibiganiro ku masakaro kuri ubu mutwe.
+* '''Umwarimu Jean de Dieu Niyongabo''': Umwarimu mu kigo cy’ubumenyi bw’umutwe (Institut de Psychologie) i Bujumbura. Yakoze ubushakashatsi ku ngamba z’imitekerereze mu gufasha abarwayi b’ibicurane, akoresheje imigenzo y’Abanyarwanda.
-Nubwo hypinozi iri mu itsinda rito mu Rwanda, hari abantu bamwe bakomeje gukora mu rwego rwo kuyiyamura no kuyikoresha mu gufasha abagize u Rwanda:
+* '''Umuganga wa Kera Sebahutu''': Umwe mu baganga b’imihana bakunzwe mu karere ka Gitega. Yakundaga gukoresha indirimbo n’amaziniga yo kurokora, ingamba zisa n’iz’hipinozi, mu kuvura abarwayi b’indwara zitandukanye. Uruhare rwe rwagaragaye mu guhuza ubuvuzi bwa kera n’ubwa gipagani.
+* '''Dokita Eric Manirakiza''': Umuganga w’ubuvuzi ukora i Ngozi, wize hipinozi muri Afurika y’Epfo. Yashinze akarabo ko mu mujyi wa Ngozi gakoresha ubu buganga mu kuvura abarwayi b’ububabare bw’umugongo n’ibindi.
-* '''Dusabe Umutoni''': Umwarimu mu ishami ry’ubushakashatsi bw’umutwe muri kaminuza n’umuhanga mu by’ubuzima bw’umutwe. Yakoze ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye n’inguvu z’umutwe mu kuvura ibyago by’ihungabana (trauma) mu Rwanda, akaba ari umwe mu bagenga b’ibiganiro by’hypinozi nk’uburyo bwo gukiza.
-* '''Dr. Jean Pierre Ndayisenga''': Umuganga w’ubwenge (psychiatrist) ukora mu kigo cy’ubuzima bw’umutwe. Yigisha ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo guhuza ubuvuzi bw’inshuti n’ubushobozi bwo kwiyegereza, harimo n’ingingo za hypinozi, mu kuvura abarwayi bafite ibyago byatewe n’ikizere kibi.
-* '''Rwanda Holistic Health Network''': Itsinda ry’abaganga n’abahanga mu buzima ryigisha no guha serivisi z’ubuvuzi bw’umutwe n’umubiri, risaba n’uburyo bwa hypinozi mu mirimo yaryo. Rifite abanyamuryango benshi bakora mu mujyi wa Kigali.
 == Reba kandi ==
-* [[Ubushakashatsi bw'Umubiri]]
+* [[Ubuvuzi bw'umutwe mu Burundi]]
-* [[Ubuvuzi bw'Umutwe mu Rwanda]]
+* [[Imitekerereze]]
-* [[Guhumeka cyane]]
+* [[Ubushakashatsi bw'ubwenge]]
 * [[Hipinozi yo gusubira inyuma]]
-* [[Imibereho myiza y'Umubiri n'Umutwe]]
+* [[Ubuvuzi bwa Gakondo mu Burundi]]
-== Amashakiro ==
-<references/>
-[[Category:Hypnosis]]
+[[Category:Hipinozi]]
 [[Category:Psychology]]