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'''Hypnosis''' (wanda ake kira ''Hypnosis'' a Turanci, kuma ana kiransa da '''Hankalin Ruhani''' ko '''Kwantar da Hankali''' a wasu yarukan Hausa) wani yanayi ne na hankali da jiki inda mutum ya fi karfin gwiwa don samun shawarwari da kuma canji. A wannan yanayin, mai fama da shi yana da hankali sosai amma yana jin daɗi kuma yana iya mai da hankali sosai akan ra'ayi, tunani, ko abubuwan tunawa, yayin da yake rage hankali ga muhallin da yake ciki. Ana amfani da shi a matsayin kayan aiki a cikin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam, magani, da kuma wasanni.
{{Infobox medical condition
| name = Hypnosis
| synonyms = Ọgwụ Ụra N'anya, Ọgwụ Mmụọ, Hypnotism
| field = [[Psychology]], [[Alternative Medicine]]
}}


== Ma'anar ==
'''Hypnosis''', nke a na-akpọkwa '''Ọgwụ Ụra N'anya''' ma ọ bụ '''Ọgwụ Mmụọ''' n'asụsụ Igbo, bụ ọnọdụ nke uche dị elu nke a na-eji ntụgharị uche na ntinye uche eme ihe iji nweta mgbanwe nke nghọta, mmetụta, mmetụta, ma ọ bụ omume. Ọ bụghị ụra ma ọ bụ ịnọ n'ụra, kama ọ bụ ọnọdụ nke uche na-ahụ nke onye ahụ na-anabata echiche, ntuziaka, ma ọ bụ nkwenye. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, gụnyere ọgwụgwọ ahụike, ịgba afa, na nkà mmụta mmụọ.
'''Hypnosis''' ba barci ba ne, kuma ba hanyar sa mutum ya yi abin da ba ya so ba. A maimakon haka, yanayi ne na '''kwantar da hankali mai zurfi''' da kuma '''mai da hankali'''. A cikin wannan yanayin, mai fama da shi yana iya aiki tare da mai ba da shawara (hypnotherapist) don aiwatar da canje-canjen da suka dace, kamar daina shan taba, rage damuwa, ko magance matsalolin tunani. Yawancin masana ilimin halayyar ɗan adam sun yarda cewa hypnosis wani yanayi ne na hankali da ke ba da damar mutum ya yi amfani da albarkatun hankalinsa da ba a yi amfani da su ba a yanayin al'ada.


== Tarihi (Na Duniya da Na Gida) ==
== Nkọwa ==
A tarihin duniya, amfani da kwantar da hankali ya samo asali ne a zamanin da, musamman a tsohuwar Masar da Girka inda aka yi amfani da wuraren bauta don samun maganin cututtuka ta hanyar bauta. A karni na 18, masanin likitanci Franz Mesmer ya gabatar da ra'ayin "magnetism" na ɗan adam, wanda ya zama tushen kalmar "mesmerize". Daga baya, a karni na 19, masanin likitanci James Braid ya ƙirƙira kalmar "hypnosis" daga kalmar Helenanci ''hypnos'' ma'ana "barci". Ayyukansa sun kafa hypnosis a matsayin fanni na kimiyya.
'''Hypnosis''' bụ usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke onye na-eme ihe omume (hypnotist) na-enyere onye ọzọ (hypnotee) aka ịbanye n'ọnọdụ nke uche dị nro ma na-elekwasị anya nke ukwuu. N'ọnọdụ a, onye ahụ nwere ike ịnwe ike ịhazi echiche ya ma ọ bụ mmetụta ya n'ụzọ dị iche. A na-akọwakarị ya dị ka ịdị mfe nke uche, ebe onye ahụ na-elekwasị anya n'ụzọ siri ike na otu echiche, echiche, ma ọ bụ ntụziaka, na-eleghara ihe ndị ọzọ niile anya. N'asụsụ Igbo, a na-akpọ ya '''Ọgwụ Ụra N'anya''' n'ihi na ọ na-egosi ọnọdụ nke ịdị nwayọọ nke uche, ma ọ bụ '''Ọgwụ Mmụọ''' n'ihi njikọ ya na ịchịkwa ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe ọnọdụ mmụọ.


A yankin '''Yammacin Afirka''' da '''Najeriya''' musamman, akwai tarihin dogon lokaci na amfani da hanyoyin kwantar da hankali da ruhaniya a cikin al'adu. Ayyukan Bori da Dodo a arewacin Najeriya, wasan Dafoe a yankin Neja Delta, da kuma ayyukan Babalawo da masu bautar gumaka a yankin kudu maso yamma, duk suna nuna amfani da sauraron waƙoƙi, rawa, da kuma amfani da kayan aiki don canza yanayin hankali da samun magani. Waɗannan hanyoyin gargajiya suna da kamanceceniya da hypnosis ta zamani ta yadda suke haifar da yanayi na shiga cikin hankali don magance matsalolin jiki da na ruhaniya. A zamanin yau, an haɗa waɗannan fahimtofin gargajiya da ka'idodin kimiyya na zamani don samar da ingantaccen tsarin magani.
== Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme ==
Akụkọ ihe mere eme zuru ụwa ọnụ nke hypnosis malitere na ọdịnala oge ochie nke ụwa niile, ebe a na-eji ụdị trance eme ihe maka ebumnuche ọgwụgwọ na nke mmụọ. N'ime narị afọ nke 18, onye dibịa bekee bụ Franz Mesmer kọwara echiche nke "magnetisme animal" (mmụọ anụmanụ), nke mechara bụrụ ihe ndabere maka mesmerism. N'ime narị afọ nke 19, onye dibịa bekee bụ James Braid wepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "hypnosis" site na okwu Grik *hypnos* nke pụtara ụra. Ọ gbanwere usoro ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe sayensị karịa nkà mmụta mmụọ.


== Nau'ukan ==
Na Naijiria, na ndị Igbo, enwere ọdịnala siri ike nke iji ọnọdụ mmụọ pụrụ iche eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ọdịnala. '''Ndị dibịa afa''', '''Ndị Dibia''', na '''Ndị Ndu''' na-ejikarị egwu, ịgba egwu, ịgụ egwu, na ihe ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ eme ihe iji kpalie ọnọdụ trance maka ịgwọ ọrịa, ịkọ ọdịnihu, ma ọ bụ ịkpọtụrụ mmụọ. Usoro ndị a, nke a na-akpọ '''Ime Mmụọ''' ma ọ bụ '''Igba Afa''', nwere ike ịtụle dị ka ụdị hypnosis ọdịnala. Ha na-ejikọta ya na nghọta nke mmụọ, ụwa, na ndị nna nna. Mgbanwe nke hypnosis nke ọdịda anyanwụ batara na Naijiria na narị afọ nke 20, ọkachasị site n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike na ndị na-ahụ maka mmụọ na-aga mba ọzọ.
Hypnosis tana da nau'ikan da yawa, waɗanda ake amfani da su bisa ga buƙatu da manufa.
* '''Hypnotherapy''': Amfani da hypnosis don dalilai na magani, kamar magance damuwa, ciwon kai, rage zafi, daina muguwar al'ada, da inganta halayya.
* '''Stage Hypnosis''' (Hypnosis na Fage): Ana yin shi ne don nishadantarwa, inda aka zaɓi wasu mutane daga cikin masu kallo don yin wasu ayyuka masu ban sha'awa a ƙarƙashin yanayin hypnosis. Wannan bai kamata a riƙa shi da magani ba.
* '''Clinical Hypnosis''': Wannan nau'in yana aiki a cikin mahallin kiwon lafiya, yana bin ka'idoji masu tsauri kuma yana aiki tare da sauran hanyoyin magani.
* '''Self-Hypnosis''' (Kwantar da Hankalin Kai): Hanyar da mutum zai koya don shiga cikin yanayin hypnosis da kansa don rage damuwa, inganta ƙwaƙƙwaran tunani, ko haɓaka aiki.
* '''[[Regression Hypnosis]]''': Wannan wani nau'i ne na musamman na hypnotherapy inda ake taimaka wa mutum ya koma cikin abubuwan da suka faru a baya, sau da yawa a ƙuruciya ko ma a cikin rayuwar da ta gabata, don fahimtar tushen matsala ta yanzu ko magance trauma.


== Binciken Kimiyya ==
== Ụdị dị iche iche ==
Kimiyya ta tabbatar da cewa hypnosis wani yanayi ne na gaskiya na kwantar da hankali wanda ke haifar da canje-canje a ayyukan kwakwalwa. Bincike na fMRI ya nuna cewa a lokacin hypnosis, sassan kwakwalwa da ke hulɗa da hankali da kula da abubuwa suna aiki daban. An tabbatar da amfanin sa a magance:
Hypnosis nwere ike ịdị iche iche dabere na ebumnuche ya na onye na-eme ya. Ụdị ndị a gụnyere:
* '''Rage Zafi''': Hypnosis na iya rage yawan jin zafi a cikin tiyata da kuma magance ciwon kai na migraine.
* '''Hypnosis Ọgwụgwọ''': A na-eji ya eme ihe na ngalaba ahụike na nke uche iji lụso ọrịa ọgụ dị ka ịṅụ sịga, ibu arọ, nsogbu uche, na mgbu. Ndị dọkịta na ndị ọkachamara n'ahụ maka uche na Naijiria na-eji ya eme ihe.
* '''Anxiety da Depression''': Yana taimakawa wajen rage alamun damuwa da baƙin ciki ta hanyar canza tsarin tunani.
* '''Hypnosis Nkà Mmụta Mmụọ''': A na-ejikọta ya na nkà mmụta mmụọ, ịgba afa, na ịchọta nghọta n'ime onwe ya. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ihe omume Naijiria na-ejikọta ya na omume ọdịnala.
* '''Cigaban Aiki''': 'Yan wasa da ƙwararrun masu fasaha suna amfani da shi don haɓaka ƙwaƙƙwaran tunani da rage tsoro.
* '''Hypnosis Onwe Onye''': Nke a bụ mgbe mmadụ na-eduzi onwe ya site na iji teepu, vidiyo, ma ọ bụ usoro ntụgharị uche iji banye n'ọnọdụ hypnosis.
* '''Magance Cuta''': Yana taimakawa wajen magance cututtuka kamar irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) da kuma rage alamun bayan tiyata.
* '''Hypnosis Ihe Nkiri''': A na-eme ya maka ihe nkiri na ntụrụndụ, ebe a na-egosi ndị mmadụ na-eme ihe na-adịghị mma n'ihu ọha. Nke a na-adịkarị na mmemme na klọb.
* '''[[Regression Hypnosis]]''': Ụdị a na-elekwasị anya n'ịlaghachi azụ n'oge iji chọpụta ma dozie ihe omume n'oge gara aga nke nwere ike imetụta ugbu a. Ọ na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị na-achọ nghọta n'ime onwe ha na Naijiria.


A Najeriya, bincike kan hypnosis yana ci gaba a cikin jami'o'i da cibiyoyin kiwon lafiya. Cibiyoyi kamar '''Jami'ar Ibadan''' da '''Jami'ar Lagos''' suna da ɗakin karatu na ilimin halayyar ɗan adam inda ake nazarin tasirin hanyoyin kwantar da hankali akan lafiyar hankali.
== Nnyocha Sayensị ==
Sayensị na-akwado na hypnosis bụ eziokwu nke uche nwere ike igosipụta site na nyocha nke ụbụrụ. Ihe ngosi MRI na PET egosila na e nwere mgbanwe pụrụ iche na ụbụrụ mgbe mmadụ nọ n'ọnọdụ hypnosis, ọkachasị na mpaghara na-ahụ maka njikwa uche na ntinye uche. Nnyocha egosila na hypnosis nwere ike ịba uru maka ịbelata mgbu, ibelata nchekasị, ịgwọ nsogbu ụra, na ịkwụsị àgwà ọjọọ. Na Mahadum Naijiria dị ka [[Mahadum nke Ibadan]] na [[Mahadum nke Lagos]], e nwere ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-eme nnyocha banyere mmetụta nke hypnosis na ndị Naijiria na ọdịbendị ha. Otú ọ dị, nnyocha ka dị ntakịrị na mpaghara a, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara nghọta ọdịnala.


== Aikace-aikace ==
== Ojiji na Ngwa ==
A Najeriya da Yammacin Afirka, ana amfani da hypnosis a fagage daban-daban:
Na Naijiria, a na-eji hypnosis eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe:
* '''Lafiyar Hankali''': A matsayin wani ɓangare na maganin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam don magance trauma, damuwa, da matsalolin tunani.
* '''Ahụike na Ọgwụgwọ''': Ndị dọkịta na ndị ọkachamara n'ahụ maka uche na-eji hypnosis dị ka ngwa mgbakwunye iji lụso ọrịa ọgụ dị ka PTSD, nchekasị, ịkụda mmụọ, na mgbu anụ ahụ. Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọgwụ onwe onye na Lagos, Abuja, na Enugu na-enye ọrụ ndị a.
* '''Kiwon Lafiya na Jiki''': Taimakawa wajen sarrafa ciwon kashi, rage amfani da magungunan kashe zafi, da kuma taimakawa wajen jiyya na cutar kansa.
* '''Nkwalite Onwe Onye''': A na-eji ya eme ihe maka ịkwalite mmụọ, ịbelata ịṅụ sịga, ịchịkwa ibu arọ, na ịkwalite arụmọrụ n'egwuregwu na azụmahịa.
* '''Ilimi''': Taimaka wa ɗalibai inganta ƙwaƙƙwaran tunani, rage fargabar jarrabawa, da haɓaka ƙwaƙƙwaran tunani.
* '''Ọdịbendị na Nkà Mmụta Mmụọ''': Dị ka ekwuru na mbụ, ụdị hypnosis dị n'ọdịnala ka na-aga n'ihu n'ime ime obodo Igbo, ebe ndị dibịa afa na-eji ọnọdụ trance eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ na nghọta mmụọ.
* '''Wasanni da Fasaha''': Taimakawa masu fasaha da 'yan wasa su ci gaba da aiki ta hanyar rage tsoro da haɓaka amincin kai.
* '''Ihe Nkiri na Ntụrụndụ''': Hypnosis ihe nkiri na-ewu ewu na mmemme ntụrụndụ na nnọkọ ọha na eze, ọkachasị n'obodo ukwu.
* '''Shari'a''': A wasu ƙasashe, ana amfani da forensic hypnosis don taimakawa wajen tuna abubuwan da suka faru a wurin laifin. A Najeriya, wannan ba a yawan amfani da shi ba saboda matsalolin shari'a.


== Matsayin Doka a Najeriya, Yammacin Afirka ==
== Ọnọdụ Iwu na Naijiria ==
A halin yanzu, '''babu wata takamaiman doka''' da ta tsara aikin hypnosis a Najeriya. Koyaya, masu aikin '''Hypnotherapy''' galibi suna aiki a ƙarƙashin ƙa'idodin wasu ƙwararru. Masu ilimin halayyar ɗan adam da likitocin masu hankali da suka kware a hypnosis suna aiki a cikin ƙa'idodin gururansu. Ana ba da shawarar cewa masu son yin hypnotherapy su nemi horo daga cibiyoyi da aka amince da su kuma su yi aiki tare da izini daga hukumomin lafiya kamar '''Medical and Dental Council of Nigeria (MDCN)''' ko '''Association of Professional Counsellors of Nigeria (APROCON)'''. Ana kuma ganin hypnosis a matsayin ƙarin kayan aiki ne, ba madadin maganin al'ada ba.
Na Naijiria, hypnosis anaghị edozi nke ọma n'okpuru iwu. Ọ dịghị iwu pụrụ iche na-achịkwa omume hypnosis dị ka ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ ahụike, onye na-eme ya ga-abụrịrị onye ọkachamara ahụike zụrụ azụ (dọkịta, onye na-ahụ maka uche, nọọsụ) nwere ikike n'aka ụlọ ọrụ ha. '''Nigerian Medical and Dental Council''' (NMDC) na '''Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria''' (APN) na-achịkwa omume ahụike. Hypnosis maka ntụrụndụ ma ọ bụ nkà mmụta mmụọ anaghị achịkwa nke ọma, mana onye ọ bụla na-eme ya n'ihu ọha ga-enwerịrị nkwado nke ndị na-ege ntị. Enwere ike iji iwu mpụ megide onye ọ bụla na-eji hypnosis eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi iji ghọgbuo, manye, ma ọ bụ mebie ndị ọzọ.


== Halayen Al'adu ==
== Echiche Ọdịbendị ==
Ga al'ummar Najeriya, ra'ayoyin game da hypnosis sun bambanta sosai. Wasu suna ganin ta a matsayin wani ɓangare na ilimin zamani kuma suna karɓar amfanin ta ta fuskar magani. Wasu kuma, musamman a cikin al'ummomin addini da na gargajiya, suna danganta hypnosis da ayyukan sihiri ko ruhaniya, saboda kamanceceniya da wasu ayyukan bautar gumaka. Wannan ya haifar da rashin fahimta da kuma tsoron amfani da ita. Akwai ƙungiyoyi na addini waɗanda ke ɗaukar hypnosis a matsayin abin haramun ko hanyar shiga cikin duniyar ruhaniya. Duk da haka, yawan wayar da kan jama'a game da bambancin hypnosis na kimiyya da ayyukan sihiri yana ƙara haɓaka karɓuwa. Yawancin mutane suna neman maganin gargajiya da na zamanni, don haka hypnosis tana samun ƙarin karbuwa a matsayin hanyar da ta dace da al'adu.
Echiche ndị Igbo na Naijiria banyere hypnosis dị mgbagwoju anya. N'akụkụ ọdịnala, a na-ahụta ọnọdụ trance nke ndị dibịa afa dị ka ihe dị nsọ na nke mmụọ, nke a na-akwanyere ùgwù. Otú ọ dị, hypnosis nke ọdịda anyanwụ nwere ike ịnata nleghara anya, ịjụ, ma ọ bụ ụjọ site n'aka ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ. Ụfọdụ na-ekwu na ọ bụ ọrụ ekwensu ma ọ bụ na ọ na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịchịkwa onye ọzọ. Ndị Kraịst na-ekpe ekpere nwere ike ịjụ ya n'ihi na ha na-ewere ya dị ka omume mgbaasị. Otú ọ dị, n'ime obodo mepere emepe, a na-ahụta ya dị ka ngwa sayensị na nke na-akwalite onwe onye, ọkachasị n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ. Ọ na-abụkarị isiokwu nke arụmụka n'etiti omenala, okpukpe, na sayensị.


== Fitattun Masu Aiki daga Najeriya, Yammacin Afirka ==
== Ndị Ọkachamara A Ma Ama na Naijiria ==
Akwai ƙwararrun masu aikin hypnosis a yankin waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga fahimta da yaduwar wannan fasaha.
* '''Dọkịta (Dr.) Nkem Okafor''': Onye dọkịta na-ahụ maka uche na Lagos nke a maara nke ọma maka iji hypnosis na ọgwụgwọ PTSD na nchekasị n'etiti ndị Naijiria. O nwere ụlọ ọrụ onwe onye ma na-ekwu okwu n'ihu ọha.
* '''Dr. (Mrs.) Jaiyeola''' (Ile-Ife): Likita mai hankali wacce ta yi amfani da hypnosis a cikin aikinta na magance cututtuka daban-daban.
* '''Dibia Okoro nke Nnewi''': Onye dibịa afa ọdịnala a ma ama n'ime ime obodo Anambra nke na-eji usoro trance ọdịnala eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ na ịkọ ọdịnihu. Ọ na-anọchite anya njikọ ọdịnala nke hypnosis.
* '''Dr. Akin Olawale''': Masanin ilimin halayyar ɗan adam a Legas wanda ya kafa cibiyar hypnotherapy kuma ya yi aiki sosai don wayar da kan jama'a game da amfanin hypnosis.
* '''Onye Nkuzi Uche Chidinma Eze''': Onye na-akwalite onwe ya na onye na-ahụ maka hypnosis onwe onye na Abuja, onye na-ahazi ihe omume na ọzụzụ iji nyere ndị mmadụ aka ịchịkwa ibu arọ na nchekasị site na hypnosis.
* '''Alhaji Sani Zangon Daura''' (mai suna): Wanda ake zaton ya yi amfani da dabarun kwantar da hankali na gargajiya a cikin ayyukan maganin gargajiyar Hausa.
* '''Prọfesọ Ahmed Tijani''': Onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na Mahadum nke Ibadan onye mere nnyocha mbụ banyere mmetụta nke hypnosis na mgbu n'etiti ndị ọrịa Naijiria.
* '''Ƙungiyar Hypnotherapy ta Najeriya (NHA)''': Wata ƙungiya ce da ke haɗa masu aikin hypnosis a ƙasar, tana ba da horo, tabbatar da inganci, da kuma haɓaka ƙa'idodin aiki.
* '''Cibiyar Nazarin Halayyar ɗan Adam ta Jami'ar Ibadan''': Tana ɗaya daga cikin manyan cibiyoyin bincike waɗanda ke ɗaukar hypnosis a matsayin wani muhimmin batu a cikin karatun digiri.


== Duba kuma ==
== Hụ kwa ==
* [[Psychology]]
* [[Ọgwụ Ụra N'anya]]
* [[Regression Hypnosis]]
* [[Regression Hypnosis]]
* [[Ilimin Halayyar Dan Adam]]
* [[Ndị Dibia]]
* [[Magani]]
* [[Ọgwụgwọ Ọdịbendị Naijiria]]
* [[Lafiyar Hankali]]
* [[Nkà Mmụta Mmụọ n'Ọdịbendị Igbo]]
* [[Aikin Bori]]
 
* [[Magungunan Gargajiya na Afirka]]
== Ndetu ==
<references />
 
== Njikọ Mpụga ==
* [https://www.apn.org.ng Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria]
* [https://www.nmdc.gov.ng Nigerian Medical and Dental Council]


[[Category:Hypnosis]]
[[Category:Hypnosis]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Psychology]]
[[Category:Alternative Medicine]]
[[Category:Ọdịbendị Naijiria]]
[[Category:Asụsụ Igbo]]

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Hypnosis, nke a na-akpọkwa Ọgwụ Ụra N'anya ma ọ bụ Ọgwụ Mmụọ n'asụsụ Igbo, bụ ọnọdụ nke uche dị elu nke a na-eji ntụgharị uche na ntinye uche eme ihe iji nweta mgbanwe nke nghọta, mmetụta, mmetụta, ma ọ bụ omume. Ọ bụghị ụra ma ọ bụ ịnọ n'ụra, kama ọ bụ ọnọdụ nke uche na-ahụ nke onye ahụ na-anabata echiche, ntuziaka, ma ọ bụ nkwenye. A na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe, gụnyere ọgwụgwọ ahụike, ịgba afa, na nkà mmụta mmụọ.

Nkọwa

Hypnosis bụ usoro mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya nke onye na-eme ihe omume (hypnotist) na-enyere onye ọzọ (hypnotee) aka ịbanye n'ọnọdụ nke uche dị nro ma na-elekwasị anya nke ukwuu. N'ọnọdụ a, onye ahụ nwere ike ịnwe ike ịhazi echiche ya ma ọ bụ mmetụta ya n'ụzọ dị iche. A na-akọwakarị ya dị ka ịdị mfe nke uche, ebe onye ahụ na-elekwasị anya n'ụzọ siri ike na otu echiche, echiche, ma ọ bụ ntụziaka, na-eleghara ihe ndị ọzọ niile anya. N'asụsụ Igbo, a na-akpọ ya Ọgwụ Ụra N'anya n'ihi na ọ na-egosi ọnọdụ nke ịdị nwayọọ nke uche, ma ọ bụ Ọgwụ Mmụọ n'ihi njikọ ya na ịchịkwa ma ọ bụ ịgbanwe ọnọdụ mmụọ.

Akụkọ Ihe Mere Eme

Akụkọ ihe mere eme zuru ụwa ọnụ nke hypnosis malitere na ọdịnala oge ochie nke ụwa niile, ebe a na-eji ụdị trance eme ihe maka ebumnuche ọgwụgwọ na nke mmụọ. N'ime narị afọ nke 18, onye dibịa bekee bụ Franz Mesmer kọwara echiche nke "magnetisme animal" (mmụọ anụmanụ), nke mechara bụrụ ihe ndabere maka mesmerism. N'ime narị afọ nke 19, onye dibịa bekee bụ James Braid wepụtara okwu ahụ bụ "hypnosis" site na okwu Grik *hypnos* nke pụtara ụra. Ọ gbanwere usoro ahụ ka ọ bụrụ ihe sayensị karịa nkà mmụta mmụọ.

Na Naijiria, na ndị Igbo, enwere ọdịnala siri ike nke iji ọnọdụ mmụọ pụrụ iche eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ọdịnala. Ndị dibịa afa, Ndị Dibia, na Ndị Ndu na-ejikarị egwu, ịgba egwu, ịgụ egwu, na ihe ndị na-esi ísì ụtọ eme ihe iji kpalie ọnọdụ trance maka ịgwọ ọrịa, ịkọ ọdịnihu, ma ọ bụ ịkpọtụrụ mmụọ. Usoro ndị a, nke a na-akpọ Ime Mmụọ ma ọ bụ Igba Afa, nwere ike ịtụle dị ka ụdị hypnosis ọdịnala. Ha na-ejikọta ya na nghọta nke mmụọ, ụwa, na ndị nna nna. Mgbanwe nke hypnosis nke ọdịda anyanwụ batara na Naijiria na narị afọ nke 20, ọkachasị site n'aka ndị ọkachamara ahụike na ndị na-ahụ maka mmụọ na-aga mba ọzọ.

Ụdị dị iche iche

Hypnosis nwere ike ịdị iche iche dabere na ebumnuche ya na onye na-eme ya. Ụdị ndị a gụnyere:

  • Hypnosis Ọgwụgwọ: A na-eji ya eme ihe na ngalaba ahụike na nke uche iji lụso ọrịa ọgụ dị ka ịṅụ sịga, ibu arọ, nsogbu uche, na mgbu. Ndị dọkịta na ndị ọkachamara n'ahụ maka uche na Naijiria na-eji ya eme ihe.
  • Hypnosis Nkà Mmụta Mmụọ: A na-ejikọta ya na nkà mmụta mmụọ, ịgba afa, na ịchọta nghọta n'ime onwe ya. Ụfọdụ ndị na-eme ihe omume Naijiria na-ejikọta ya na omume ọdịnala.
  • Hypnosis Onwe Onye: Nke a bụ mgbe mmadụ na-eduzi onwe ya site na iji teepu, vidiyo, ma ọ bụ usoro ntụgharị uche iji banye n'ọnọdụ hypnosis.
  • Hypnosis Ihe Nkiri: A na-eme ya maka ihe nkiri na ntụrụndụ, ebe a na-egosi ndị mmadụ na-eme ihe na-adịghị mma n'ihu ọha. Nke a na-adịkarị na mmemme na klọb.
  • Regression Hypnosis: Ụdị a na-elekwasị anya n'ịlaghachi azụ n'oge iji chọpụta ma dozie ihe omume n'oge gara aga nke nwere ike imetụta ugbu a. Ọ na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị na-achọ nghọta n'ime onwe ha na Naijiria.

Nnyocha Sayensị

Sayensị na-akwado na hypnosis bụ eziokwu nke uche nwere ike igosipụta site na nyocha nke ụbụrụ. Ihe ngosi MRI na PET egosila na e nwere mgbanwe pụrụ iche na ụbụrụ mgbe mmadụ nọ n'ọnọdụ hypnosis, ọkachasị na mpaghara na-ahụ maka njikwa uche na ntinye uche. Nnyocha egosila na hypnosis nwere ike ịba uru maka ịbelata mgbu, ibelata nchekasị, ịgwọ nsogbu ụra, na ịkwụsị àgwà ọjọọ. Na Mahadum Naijiria dị ka Mahadum nke Ibadan na Mahadum nke Lagos, e nwere ụfọdụ ndị ọkà mmụta na-eme nnyocha banyere mmetụta nke hypnosis na ndị Naijiria na ọdịbendị ha. Otú ọ dị, nnyocha ka dị ntakịrị na mpaghara a, ọkachasị n'ihe gbasara nghọta ọdịnala.

Ojiji na Ngwa

Na Naijiria, a na-eji hypnosis eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe:

  • Ahụike na Ọgwụgwọ: Ndị dọkịta na ndị ọkachamara n'ahụ maka uche na-eji hypnosis dị ka ngwa mgbakwunye iji lụso ọrịa ọgụ dị ka PTSD, nchekasị, ịkụda mmụọ, na mgbu anụ ahụ. Ụfọdụ ụlọ ọgwụ onwe onye na Lagos, Abuja, na Enugu na-enye ọrụ ndị a.
  • Nkwalite Onwe Onye: A na-eji ya eme ihe maka ịkwalite mmụọ, ịbelata ịṅụ sịga, ịchịkwa ibu arọ, na ịkwalite arụmọrụ n'egwuregwu na azụmahịa.
  • Ọdịbendị na Nkà Mmụta Mmụọ: Dị ka ekwuru na mbụ, ụdị hypnosis dị n'ọdịnala ka na-aga n'ihu n'ime ime obodo Igbo, ebe ndị dibịa afa na-eji ọnọdụ trance eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ na nghọta mmụọ.
  • Ihe Nkiri na Ntụrụndụ: Hypnosis ihe nkiri na-ewu ewu na mmemme ntụrụndụ na nnọkọ ọha na eze, ọkachasị n'obodo ukwu.

Ọnọdụ Iwu na Naijiria

Na Naijiria, hypnosis anaghị edozi nke ọma n'okpuru iwu. Ọ dịghị iwu pụrụ iche na-achịkwa omume hypnosis dị ka ọrụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụrụ na ejiri ya eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ ahụike, onye na-eme ya ga-abụrịrị onye ọkachamara ahụike zụrụ azụ (dọkịta, onye na-ahụ maka uche, nọọsụ) nwere ikike n'aka ụlọ ọrụ ha. Nigerian Medical and Dental Council (NMDC) na Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria (APN) na-achịkwa omume ahụike. Hypnosis maka ntụrụndụ ma ọ bụ nkà mmụta mmụọ anaghị achịkwa nke ọma, mana onye ọ bụla na-eme ya n'ihu ọha ga-enwerịrị nkwado nke ndị na-ege ntị. Enwere ike iji iwu mpụ megide onye ọ bụla na-eji hypnosis eme ihe n'ụzọ na-ezighị ezi iji ghọgbuo, manye, ma ọ bụ mebie ndị ọzọ.

Echiche Ọdịbendị

Echiche ndị Igbo na Naijiria banyere hypnosis dị mgbagwoju anya. N'akụkụ ọdịnala, a na-ahụta ọnọdụ trance nke ndị dibịa afa dị ka ihe dị nsọ na nke mmụọ, nke a na-akwanyere ùgwù. Otú ọ dị, hypnosis nke ọdịda anyanwụ nwere ike ịnata nleghara anya, ịjụ, ma ọ bụ ụjọ site n'aka ụfọdụ ndị mmadụ. Ụfọdụ na-ekwu na ọ bụ ọrụ ekwensu ma ọ bụ na ọ na-eme ka mmadụ nwee ike ịchịkwa onye ọzọ. Ndị Kraịst na-ekpe ekpere nwere ike ịjụ ya n'ihi na ha na-ewere ya dị ka omume mgbaasị. Otú ọ dị, n'ime obodo mepere emepe, a na-ahụta ya dị ka ngwa sayensị na nke na-akwalite onwe onye, ọkachasị n'etiti ndị ntorobịa na ndị gụrụ akwụkwọ. Ọ na-abụkarị isiokwu nke arụmụka n'etiti omenala, okpukpe, na sayensị.

Ndị Ọkachamara A Ma Ama na Naijiria

  • Dọkịta (Dr.) Nkem Okafor: Onye dọkịta na-ahụ maka uche na Lagos nke a maara nke ọma maka iji hypnosis na ọgwụgwọ PTSD na nchekasị n'etiti ndị Naijiria. O nwere ụlọ ọrụ onwe onye ma na-ekwu okwu n'ihu ọha.
  • Dibia Okoro nke Nnewi: Onye dibịa afa ọdịnala a ma ama n'ime ime obodo Anambra nke na-eji usoro trance ọdịnala eme ihe maka ọgwụgwọ na ịkọ ọdịnihu. Ọ na-anọchite anya njikọ ọdịnala nke hypnosis.
  • Onye Nkuzi Uche Chidinma Eze: Onye na-akwalite onwe ya na onye na-ahụ maka hypnosis onwe onye na Abuja, onye na-ahazi ihe omume na ọzụzụ iji nyere ndị mmadụ aka ịchịkwa ibu arọ na nchekasị site na hypnosis.
  • Prọfesọ Ahmed Tijani: Onye ọkà mmụta sayensị na Mahadum nke Ibadan onye mere nnyocha mbụ banyere mmetụta nke hypnosis na mgbu n'etiti ndị ọrịa Naijiria.

Hụ kwa

Ndetu

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Njikọ Mpụga

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