Hippinoore

Hypnosis (ko Hippinoore e ɗemngal Fulfulde) ko nooneere ndeenkaaɗo e kisal mawɗo, ɗo dokotooɗo oo hippinooɗo hokki e moo hippinooɗo tan, ngam haɗugo e muuyugo kisal mum, haa o heɓii darnde trance walla darnde fijirde kisal. Ɗum woodani haa o laatii ko'e mum mawɗi e kuuɗe ɗiɗi: ko'e hippinooɗo e moo hippinooɗo. Hippinoore ina waawi huutoraade e kuuɗe jaɓɓaaɗe e jaayɗe, e kuuɗe kisal, e kuuɗe caggal nder lesdi.

Taral

Hippinoore ko darnde kisal, ɗo aɗa waawi muuyugo haɗugo e kisal mawɗo ngam yiide walla ngam huutoreede e dokotooɗo annduɗo. Ɗuum darnde, ɗoftaama ko darnde trance, ina hokkata moo hippinooɗo ngam ɓeydude haɗugo mum e kisal mum, ngam yi'ugo kuuɗe kisal, walla ngam waylude bee kuuɗe ɓernde e muumɗe. Hippinoore woodaani haa ko darude walla ko foolaare; ko'e mum ɗoo ko moo hippinooɗo ko kanko mo laatii ardiiɗo e kuuɗe mum fof, o laatoto ko o yiɗi.

Taariika

Taariika Adunaaru

Taariika hippinoore ɗemngal adunaaru fuɗɗii nder lesdi Gireeji ɗon, ɗoo ɓe noddii ɗum "ko'e wonɗude e ɓural" (temple sleep). Ammaa, anndal mum ɓurungal fuɗɗii nder ɗemngal 18th, ɗoo Franz Mesmer, dokotooɗo Almaan, waɗi kuuɗe mum "mesmerism". Nder ɗemngal 19th, dokotooɗo Inglii James Braid waɗi innde "hypnosis" ɗum ɗemngal Greeki "hypnos" (ɓural). Sigmund Freud kadi huutori ɗum haa o tawii bee kuuɗe mum psychoanalysis.

Taariika Leydi Naajeeriya, Kameruun, Niijer, e Gine

Nder leyɗe Fulɓe ɗee, gila ɗemngaji, woni ko'e jaɓɓaaɗe e kisal mawɗo ɗi noddataa "wango" walla "gandal". Ko'e ɗee ɗon huutoraade ɗemɗe, duuɓe, e kuuɗe jaŋde ngam yiide kisal walla ngam seŋnude ɓernde. Nder diina Islaama, ɗe ɓuri jaɓɓaade, woni mawɗo huutoreede e aayeeje Qur'aanɗe e du'aaɗi ngam yiide. Nder duuniyaaru tiggere, anndal hippinoore ɗemngal dokotooɗi fuɗɗii yiyde nder ɗemngal 20th, haa ɓe dokotooɗi ɓurɓe anndude ɗon huutori ɗum e jaŋdeji ɗee.

Nder Naajeeriya, jaŋde ɗee fuɗɗii yiyde ɓaawo ɗemngal 1970, ɗoo ɓe mawɓe dokotooɗi e jaŋde ɗee University of Ibadan fuɗɗii yiide ɗum. Nder Kameruun, jaŋde ɗee ɗon haɗa e anndal ɗemngal Bantu e kisal, ɗoo ɓe noddi ɗum "bilima" nder ɗemngal ɗee. Nder Niijer, woni ko'e jaɓɓaaɗe e kisal mawɗo ɗi ɗon haɗa e anndal Fulɓe e kisal, ɗi noddataa "dillere". Nder Gine, woni ko'e ɗiɗi: ɗemngal dokotooɗi e ɗemngal gandal ɗi Fulɓe ɗon anndu.

Fannuuji

Hippinoore woodani fannuuji ɗuuɗi:

Hippinoore Traditional (Hippinoore Jaŋde): Ɗum ko hippinoore ɗoo dokotooɗo hokkata tan e moo hippinooɗo, ɗoo ɓe ɗon haɗa e kuuɗe jaŋde e ɗemɗe.
Hippinoore Auto (Hippinoore Hoore-mum): Ɗum ko aɗa waawi waɗde hoore mum, ngam huutoreede e kuuɗe jaŋde walla audio, ngam yiide kisal walla ngam ɓeydude haɗugo.
Hippinoore Ericksonian: Ɗum ko fannu ɗee Milton H. Erickson waɗi, ɗoo huutoreede e maandu e taariikaaji ngam waɗugo moo hippinooɗo ngam o heɓii darnde trance.
Hippinoore Clinical (Hippinoore Jaŋde Dokotooɗo): Ɗum ko huutoreede e jaŋde dokotooɗo ngam yiide kuuɗe kisal, hannde ɓernde, walla ngam hokkude kisal ɓernde.
Hippinoore Caggalngol (Regression Hypnosis): Ɗum ko fannu ɗoo ɓe huutora ɗum ngam yi'ugo e moo hippinooɗo kuuɗe caggal ɗemngaji mum, ngam anndugo ɓernde ɗi ɗon haani nder kisal mum.

Yiide Ginal

Yiide ginal ɓuri ɓeydaade ɗon holla ko hippinoore ina woodi ɓural e kisal. EEG (electroencephalogram) ɗon holla ko nder darnde trance, ɓeydaaki e kisal ɗon waɗa. Yiide ɗon holla kadi ko hippinoore ina waawi wallude e yiide ɓernde, hannde ɓernde, e kuuɗe kisal ɗiɗi ɗi ɗon haani nder kisal. Nder jaŋdeji ɗee Naajeeriya, woni yiide ɗi waɗi nder University of Lagos e Ahmadu Bello University ɗon holla ko hippinoore ina woodi ɓural e yiide kuuɗe ɓernde e hannde.

Huutoreeji

Hippinoore woodani huutoreeji ɗuuɗi nder leyɗe ɗee:

Jaŋde Kisal (Psychotherapy): Ngam yiide ɓernde, hannde, e kuuɗe kisal ɗiɗi.
Jaŋde Dokotooɗo: Ngam hokkude kisal ɓernde nder ɓernde dokotooɗo, ngam daggude ɓernde ɓernde.
Jaŋde Haɗɗo (Education): Ngam ɓeydude haɗugo e jaŋde, reende, e anndal.
Jaŋde Kuugal (Sports): Ngam ɓeydugo kisal ɗemɗe nder kuugal, ngam daggude ɓernde.
Jaŋde Laawol (Legal): Huutoreede nder laawol ngam yi'ugo goonga, ammaa ɗum ɗon haani nder laawol ɗee leyɗe.
Jaŋde Hoore-mum: Ngam yiide hoore-mum, ɓeydude kisal, e daggude ɓernde.

Laawol Leydi Naajeeriya, Kameruun, Niijer, e Gine =

Laawol hippinoore ɗon waɗa nder leyɗe ɗee:

Naajeeriya: Hippinoore jaŋde dokotooɗo ɗon ɗow ɗum laawol, ammaa o foti ko dokotooɗo annduɗo waawi waɗde ɗum. Psychological Council of Nigeria ɗon laawol ɗum. Hippinoore ngam jaayɗe walla ngam huutoreede e laawol ɗon ɗaɓɓitaani.
Kameruun: Laawol ɗum ɗon haani nder ɗemngal dokotooɗo. Ordre des Médecins du Cameroun ɗon laawol kuuɗe dokotooɗo, ammaa hippinoore ɗemngal jaŋde ɗiɗi ɗon ɗow ɗum laawol ɓurndu.
Niijer: Ɗoo ɗuum, hippinoore ɗon ɗow ɗum laawol nder ɗemngal dokotooɗo, ammaa huutoreede ɗemngal jaŋde ɗiɗi ɗon ɗaɓɓitaani ɓurndu. Ministère de la Santé Publique ɗon laawol ɗum.
Gine: Laawol ɗum ɗon haani ɗoo kadi. Hippinoore jaŋde dokotooɗo ɗon ɗow ɗum laawol, ammaa ɗum ɗon ɗaɓɓitaani ngam huutoreede nder jaŋde ɗiɗi ɓurndu. Ministère de la Santé ɗon laawol ɗum.

Yiide Yimɓe

Yiide yimɓe ɗee leyɗe ɗon waɗa nder hippinoore. Nder diina Islaama, ɓuri ɓurde jaɓɓaade ngam huutoreede e aayeeje e du'aaɗi, ammaa ɓe ɗiɗi ɗon yi'a ɗum ngam huutoreede e jaŋde ɗiɗi. Nder ɗemngal Fulɓe, woni ɓe ɗon yi'a hippinoore ngam ɗum ina haɗa e "gandal" ɗi ɗon anndu, ɗum ɗon waɗa ngam ɓe ɗon jaɓa ɗum ɓurndu. Nder saare, ɓuri ɓurde anndude ko hippinoore ina waawi wallude e yiide ɓernde, ɗum ɗon waɗa ngam ɓe ɗon huutori ɗum ɓeydaaki.

Gawtoɓe Annduɓe ɗee Leyɗe

Naajeeriya: Dr. Aisha Bello, dokotooɗo kisal ɗo annduɗo nder hippinoore clinical nder Lagos. O waɗi deftereji ɗuuɗi e ɗum. Dr. Tunde Ojo, ɗo annduɗo nder hippinoore ngam yiide hannde nder Ibadan.
Kameruun: Dr. Jean Ndoungue, dokotooɗo ɗo annduɗo nder hippinoore nder Douala, o huutori ɗum e jaŋde kisal. Malam Bouba, mawɗo gandal Fulɓe ɗo annduɗo nder Faro, ɗo o huutori ko'e jaŋde ɗiɗi e hippinoore.
Niijer: Dr. Halima Sidi, dokotooɗo kisal nder Niamey, ɗo annduɗo nder huutoreede hippinoore e rewɓe. Elhadj Moussa, mawɗo diina ɗo huutori du'aaɗi e aayeeje ngam yiide kisal, ɗo ɓe noddi ɗum "hippinoore diina".
Gine: Dr. Fatoumata Diallo, dokotooɗo kisal nder Conakry, ɗo waɗi jaŋde ɗum ngam kuuɗe ɓernde. Alhaji Bah, mawɗo anndal Fulɓe ɗo annduɗo nder "dillere" (ko'e kisal), ɗo ɗon huutori ɗum e anndal mum.

Ndaartee

Jokkondirɗe

"Hypnosis and Psychotherapy in West Africa" - Journal of African Psychology, 2019.
"Traditional Healing and Modern Hypnosis in Niger" - Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey.
"Islamic Perspectives on Mental Health Practices in Northern Nigeria" - Bayero University, Kano.