Kev tso cai
Hypnosis yog ib txoj kev siv hauv kev kho mob thiab kev tshawb fawb uas muaj nuj nqis rau kev txhawj kev xav thiab kev txawj txav ntawm tus neeg. Nws yog ib qho kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kws kho mob thiab tus neeg raug kho, uas tus kws kho mob pab kom tus neeg raug kho mus rau ib qho xwm txheej uas nws muaj peev xwm ntxiv siab rau kev cia siab, kev xav thiab kev xav tsis meej. Hypnosis tsis yog kev nruj nrog thiab tsis yog muaj peev xwm txawv. Nws yog ib qho kev ua haujlwm uas muaj tswv yim thiab muaj kev tshawb fawb.
Lub npe thiab txhais tau
Lub npe "Hypnosis" tuaj los ntawm lo lus Yooj Yim hypnos uas txhais tau yog "kev pw". Hmoob peb hu nws ua Kev Ua Kom Pw Qab los yog Kev Cob Qhia Xav. Nws yog ib txoj kev uas tus neeg kws tseem ceeb (hypnotist) pab kom lwm tus neeg (subject) mus rau ib qho xwm txheej uas nws muaj kev ntshaw zog ntxiv siab rau kev cia siab thiab kev xav tsis meej, feem ntau yog qhov txawv ntawm kev xav thiab kev paub meej. Thaum hypnosis, tus neeg raug kho tseem muaj peev xwm tswj xyuas nws tus kheej thiab tsis ua raws li tej lus qhia uas nws tsis pom zoo.
Kev Txhij Tshwm (Local & Global)
Txoj kev hypnosis muaj kev txhij tshwm ntev dhau los. Nyob rau hauv Suav teb, kev siv daim duab plaub (qigong) thiab kev kho mob Hmoob txawj txav muaj tej yam uas pheej hmuv hypnosis, xws li kev ua kom tus neeg muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev tso zog. Kev txawj txav Hmoob, xws li kev hu plig los yog kev kho mob ntoo quav, kuj muaj kev sib txawv ntawm kev hais lus kom muaj zog thiab kev npaj siab.
Nyob rau hav zoov, hypnosis pib tshwm sim los ntawm Austrian kws kho mob Franz Mesmer nyob rau ntawm xyoo 1700s, nws hu ua "animal magnetism." Tas li ntawd, Scottish kws kho mob James Braid tau muab lub npe "hypnosis" rau nws xyoo 1840s. Nyob rau rau xyoo 1900s, American kws tshawb fawb kev xav Milton H. Erickson tau tsim ib txoj kev hypnosis uas nws yog qhov sib tham thiab sib koom tes, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau hypnosis hnub no.
Nyob rau As Lias, hypnosis tau pib siv nyob rau hauv Suav teb thaum xyoo 1900s, tab sis tsuas yog rau kev tshawb fawb kev xav xwb. Nyob rau Vietnam, nws pib raug siv nyob rau hauv kev kawm thiab kev kho mob nyob rau xyoo 1970s tom qab kev sib tw. Nyob rau Laos thiab Thailand, hypnosis tau los ua ke thaum kawg ntawm xyoo 1990s los ntawm kws kho mob txawj txav thiab kws kawm ntawv hauv zej zog.
Hom
Hypnosis muaj ntau yam:
- Traditional Hypnosis: Qhov uas tus kws kho mob muaj cai ntau tshaj, feem ntau muab lus qhia dhau lossis muab lus hais kom ua.
- Ericksonian Hypnosis: Siv kev hais lus sib tham, kev sau paj huam, thiab kev hais lus ua yeeb yam kom muaj tswvyim rau tus neeg raug kho.
- Self-Hypnosis (Kev Ua Kom Pw Qab Tus Kheej): Tus neeg kawm txoj kev ua rau nws tus kheej, feem ntau siv kom tshem tawm kev txhawj xeeb lossis tsim kev zog.
- Hypnotherapy (Kev Kho Mob Siv Hypnosis): Siv hypnosis rau kev kho kev mob plab, xws li kev tshem tawm kev nqhis dej cawv, kev txhawj xeeb, lossis kev tso cai rov qab regression.
- Stage Hypnosis (Hypnosis Ua Ntawv Qhia): Siv rau kev ua si kom neeg nyeem ntawv, feem ntau pom nyob rau huab cua, Thailand thiab Vietnam. Qhov no tsis muaj nuj nqis kho mob.
Kev Tshawb Fawb Kev Xav
Kev tshawb fawb kev xav tau qhia tias thaum hypnosis, lub hlwb ua haujlwm hauv qhov txawv. MRI tau qhia tias thaum tus neeg raug kho pw qab, qhov chaw ua haujlwm rau kev xav (xws li anterior cingulate cortex) ua haujlwm tsawg dua, tab sis qhov chaw sib koom ua haujlwm (default mode network) kuj ua haujlwm zoo. Qhov no qhia tau tias tus neeg muaj peev xwm ntxiv siab rau kev xav tsis meej thiab kev xav txawv.
Ntau cov kws tshawb fawb tau pom tias hypnotherapy muaj peev xim rau kev kho:
- Kev tshem tawm kev txhawj xeeb (anxiety) thiab kev poob siab (depression)
- Kev tshem tawm kev mob tawg (chronic pain)
- Kev tshem tawm kev ua rau poob hnyuv (smoking cessation) thiab kev haus cawv
- Kev pab kom tawm tsam kev txhawj xeeb thaum ua haujlwm (performance anxiety)
Nyob rau Suav teb, Shanghai Jiaotong University thiab Peking University muaj kev tshawb fawb hypnosis. Nyob rau Thailand, Chulalongkorn University kuj muaj kev tshawb fawb. Vietnam muaj Vietnam National University, Hanoi tshawb fawb.
Kev Siv
Hypnosis muaj ntau yam kev siv nyob rau zej zog:
- Kev Kho Mob Plab: Kho kev txhawj xeeb, kev poob siab, kev tawg tsam, kev tsis nyeem ntawv zoo.
- Kev Kho Mob Tawg: Kev kho mob tawg tsis siv tshuaj, xws li mob hauv cov plaub.
- Kev Kawm: Pab kom nco tau zoo thiab muaj kev ntshaw zog ntau ntxiv rau kev kawm ntawv.
- Kev Ua Haujlwm Zog: Pab cov neeg ua si, neeg hais lus, lossis neeg ua lag luam kom muaj kev ntseeg tau tus kheej.
- Kev Pab Tswj Xyuas Kev Txhawj Xeeb: Pab cov neeg ua tub rog lossis neeg raug kev txom nyem kom tshem tawm kev txhawj xeeb.
- Kev Pab Tshem Tawm Kev Ua Qaug: Xws li kev tshem tawm kev haus dej cawv lossis yeeb yam tsis zoo.
Kev Cai Nyob Rau Suav Teb, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand
- Suav Teb: Hypnosis yog qhov raug cai los siv rau kev kho mob, tab sis yuav tsum tau ua los ntawm cov kws kho mob uas muaj cai xwb. Kev siv hypnosis rau kev ua si (stage hypnosis) kuj raug cai, tab sis yuav tsum muaj kev tswj fwm. Cov kws kho mob yuav tsum tau kawm thiab tau txais cai los ntawm Ministry of Health.
- Vietnam: Hypnotherapy raug pom zoo rau kev kho mob plab. Cov kws kho mob muaj cai siv nws, tab sis yuav tsum muaj kev kawm thiab license. Vietnam Medical Association muab cov kev kawm rau hypnotherapy.
- Laos: Kev cai tsis thooj meem heev. Hypnosis tseem yog qhov tshiab thiab feem ntau yog cov kws kho mob txawj txav xwb siv. Tsis muaj kev cai sib heev rau hypnotherapy, tab sis nws tsis raug txwv.
- Thailand: Hypnosis thiab hypnotherapy raug cai thiab raug txais kev pab nyob rau hauv kev kho mob. Thai Medical Council tau muab cov qauv rau kev kawm hypnotherapy. Stage hypnosis kuj raug cai thiab muaj ntau nyob rau huab cua.
Kev Xav Txog Kev Cai thiab Kab Lis Keeb
Nyob rau hauv zej zog Hmoob, hypnosis muaj kev sib txawv ntau. Nws muaj tej yam uas pheej hmuv kev txawj txav Hmoob, xws li kev hu plig, uas yog kev hais lus kom muaj zog. Tab sis, nws tseem muaj neeg uas tsis ntseeg hypnosis thiab xav tias nws yog kev ua dab qhuas lossis tsis muaj kev tshawb fawb.
Nyob rau Suav teb, hypnosis raug pom zoo vim nws sib koom tes nrog kev kho mob qub. Nyob rau Thailand, nws raug txais kev pab vim kev kho mob Thai qub kuj muaj kev npaj siab. Vietnam, cov neeg laus feem ntau tsis pom zoo hypnosis, tab sis cov neeg yau tau txais kev pab. Laos, vim tsis muaj kev paub ntau, yog li muaj kev ntseeg tsawg.
Cov Kws Txawj Txav Uas Tseem Ceeb Nyob Rau Suav Teb, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand
- Suav Teb: Dr. Zhang Tong nyob rau Beijing, yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb hypnosis thiab muaj ntau phau ntawv. Professor Gao Zhanyong nyob rau Shanghai, yog tus tsim rau kev kawm clinical hypnosis hauv Suav teb.
- Vietnam: Dr. Nguyen Van Hung nyob rau Hanoi, yog tus thawj kws kho mob siv hypnotherapy thiab muab kev kawm. Dr. Le Thi Mai nyob rau Ho Chi Minh City, txawj txav rau kev kho kev txhawj xeeb siv hypnosis.
- Laos: Dr. Bounthavy Siphandone nyob rau Vientiane, yog ib tus kws kho mob uas siv hypnosis rau kev kho mob tawg. Khamla Phommachack, tus neeg ua si stage hypnosis uas tshaj tawm nyob rau Laos.
- Thailand: Dr. Pongsakorn Klinbuayaem nyob rau Bangkok, yog ib tus kws tshawb fawb hypnosis thiab muaj TV program. Dr. Nattapong Phuwichit, yog kws kho mob plab uas siv hypnotherapy ntau.